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Mitra, Santanu
- Malacofauna of Subarnarekha Estuary (Balasore:Odisha):Their Economical Importance and Conservation
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1 Zoological Survey of India, 27, J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkta-700016, IN
1 Zoological Survey of India, 27, J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkta-700016, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 10, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 191-200Abstract
Several faunastic surveys were undertaken in Subarnarekha estuary (Balasore : Odisha) from 2006-2010. During these surveys 82 species of phylum Mollusca were found there, of which Gastropoda comprises the major portion by 46 species whereas Pelecypoda or bivalves consist of only 36 species. Molluscs are being exploited as food from ancient times. Apart from this, shells of molluscs are utilized for preparation of decorative materials, preparation of lime and for fish and poultry feed. Some gastropod shells, namely, Pugilina cochlidium, Bursa spinosa, Tonna sp, Cerithidea sp., Telescopium telescopium, Murex tribulus and Umbonium vestiarum are used as ornamen-tal or decorative article. Among the bivalves, Meretrix meretrix, M. casta, Andara granosa, Gluconoma sculpta, Paphia textiles, Macoma sp. and Saccostrea cucullta are exploited to makings of lime and dust for fishery food. The present study aimed at documenting the molluscan fauna of the Subarnarekha estuary, as well as highlighting the socio-economic aspect of the trade on molluscs from this estuary. The need for conservation of these molluscs is also discussed.- On first Record of the Hillstream Leech Myxobdella annandalei Oka, 1917 (Annelida:Hirudinidae) from Himachal Pradesh, India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Crustacea Section, Zoological Survey of India, F.P.S Building, 27 J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata - 700016, IN
1 Crustacea Section, Zoological Survey of India, F.P.S Building, 27 J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata - 700016, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 10, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 221-222Abstract
During a recent survey to Himachal Pradesh, the authors came across a single example of leech from a clean and unpolluted swift-water running stream at Bilaspur (lat. 31°35 ' N. long. 76°75 ' E.) situated at an altitude of 673 m near D.A.V. School (Senior) on 15.09.2012. It was found under a stone attached to a freshwater crab. This leech (Figs. 1A-C) has been identified as Myxobdella annandalei Oka,1917 (Family Hirudinidae) for the following characters: soft and flabby body for the greater part of its length, gently tapering at the posterior and anterior extremities; caudal sucker much larger; jaws small and weak, teeth very few, three or four in each row; somites imperfectly 5 annulate, complete somites from X-XXII; eyes five pairs on somite II to VI, small and obscure; gonopores separated by five annuli. Colour of this leech is pale grey or olive, more or less closely maculated with black and dusky blotches. Its length and width of the leech were 29.5 mm and 12 mm respectively and the radius of the posterior sucker 5 mm only. The specimen has been deposited in the National Collection of the Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata (Reg. No. An 3808/1).- First Report of Flabelligerid Polychaete Pherusa bengalensis from Odisha Coast
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, 27, J. L. Nehru Road, F. P. S. Building, Kolkata-7000016, West Bengal, IN
2 KBB Nivedita College, Behala, Kolkata-700 034, IN
1 Zoological Survey of India, 27, J. L. Nehru Road, F. P. S. Building, Kolkata-7000016, West Bengal, IN
2 KBB Nivedita College, Behala, Kolkata-700 034, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 9, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 195-196Abstract
During a recent survey to Chandipur coast (Balasore District), Odisha one of us (MR) collected a specimen of polychaete worm from the lower tidal area of the Chandipur sea beach. This specimen is 65 mm long and 7 mm wide with reddish-brown ooze adhering to the skin surface. Body is cylindrical or club-shaped anteriorly, while posterior part tapering, looking like a filiform coiled tail. Body is covered by small globular papillae. Buccal tube is very long, protrusible, cylindrical and frilled at the edge. Mouth opening is trilobed, two ventral lobes are larger than the dorsal.- Odonate Insects in and around Village Pond Ecosystem of Paschimpara, Hooghly District, West Bengal
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, Uttarpara, West Bengal, IN
2 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, IN
1 Dept. of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, Uttarpara, West Bengal, IN
2 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 12, No Sp Iss (2015), Pagination: 45-46Abstract
Odonates, commonly known as dragonflies and damselflies, are one of the most common insects flying over ponds and rivers. Their larval stages mainly inhabit top soft layer of bottom soil/humus near littoral zone of aquatic ecosystem but they also inhabit attached to submerged macrophytes. In the present paper some selected ponds of Paschimpara village under Goghat-II Panchayat , Arambagh Sub-division of Hooghly district, West Bengal were brought under study. In all, nine species were observed and studied. These belong to the Suborder Anisoptera (Dragonflies) and Suborder Zygoptera (Damselflies) as follows : Suborder Anisoptera (7 species under the family Libellulidae) - Brachythemis contaminata (Fabricius, 1793), Brachydiplax sobrina (Rambur, 1842), Crocothemis servilla servilla (Drury, 1770), Diplocodes trivialis (Rambur, 1842), Orthetrum pruinosum (Rambur, 1842) and Rhyothemis variegata (Linnaeus, 1763) and Suborder Zygoptera (2 species under the family Coenagrionidae) - Ceriagrion olivaceum (Laidlow, 1914) and Agriocnemis spelendidissima (Laidlow, 1919). Habitat ecology of these odonate insects are highlighted herein.- Studies on the Macro-Invertebrate Diversity of Some Ponds at Paschimpara Village, Goghat, Hooghly, West Bengal
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, Uttarpara, Hooghly, West Bengal, IN
2 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, IN
1 Dept. of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, Uttarpara, Hooghly, West Bengal, IN
2 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 12, No Sp Iss (2015), Pagination: 55-55Abstract
Three years periodic surveys on macroinvertebrate diversity in several ponds at Paschimpara village of Goghat-II Panchayat under Arambagh sub-division, Hooghly district, West Bengal, have revealed that chironomid larvae are dominated in polluted pond, while odonate larvae were abundant in almost all the ponds. In the beginning of this study a poriferan species Spongilla carteri was observed to flourish in these ponds but later the population of Spongilla carteri is almost vanished in most of the ponds which are particularly in the middle of agricultural fields. Modern agriculture highly depending on inorganic manure and insecticide might have possibly affected the invertebrate diversity of the pond ecosystems that play a vital role in village life and these ponds need to be conserved from chemical pollution. In the present paper macroinvertebrate diversities of these pond ecosystems are recorded and discussed along with some physico-chemical parameters.- Cnidarian Fauna in Wetlands of West Bengal
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, Fire Proof Spirit Building 27, J.L. Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, IN
1 Zoological Survey of India, Fire Proof Spirit Building 27, J.L. Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 7, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 133-139Abstract
As per available literature cnidarian fauna of West Bengal comprise of 50 species. Out of these, these species, viz., Hydra vulgaris, Moerisia gangetica and Limnocnida indica were found in freshwater and the remaining from brackish, estuarine and coastal water. In the present communication a systematic list of all cnidarian species of West Bengal is furnished along with their habitat, district-wise distribution and local status.Keywords
Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa, Anthozoa.References
- Annandale, N. 1907. The fauna of brackish ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal. Rec. Indian. Mus., 1(1) : 47-74.
- Annandale, N. 1911. Freshwater spongs, hydroids and polyzoa. The Fauna of British India. 1-261. Taylor & Francis, London.
- Annandale, N. 1915. Fauna of Chilka lake. The Coelenterate of the Lake, with an account of the Actiniaria of brackish waters in the Gangetic delta. Mem. India. Mus., 5 : 65114. pls. 6-9.
- Bairagi, N. 1998. Cnidaria : Sea Anemones. State Fauna Series 3, Fauana of West Bengal. Zool. Surv. India. Part 11 : 29-44.
- Carlgren, O. 1925. A revision of the actiniaria of Chilka lake. Ark. Zool., 17a(21) : 1-21.
- Chaudhury, A. B. and Choudhury, A. 1994. Mangroves of the Sundarbans volume one : India, IUCN, Bangkok, Thialand
- Goswami, Badal Chandra Bharati. 1992. Marine fauna of Digha coast of West Bengal , India. J. mar. biol. Ass. India, 34(1&2) : 115-137.
- Hartlog, J., Den, C. and Vennam, J. 1993. Some Actinaria (Cnidaria : Anthozoa) from the West coast of India. Zool. Med. Leiden, 67(42) : 601-637, figs. 1-47, tabs. 1-6.
- Haldar, B. P. and Choudhury, A. 1995. Medusae : Cnidaria. Hugli Matla Estuary, Estuarine Ecosystem Sereies, Part 2 : 9-30.
- Kramp, P. L. 1958. Hydromedusae in the Indian Museum. Rec. Indian. Mus., 53 : 339-376, Text-figs. 1-5.
- Mandal, A. K. and Nandi, N. C. 1989. Fauna of Sunderban Mangrove Ecosystem, West Bengal, India. Fauna of Conservation Areas-3. Zoological Survey of India. pp.116, pl. 14.
- Misra, A. 1975. A note on the collection and narcotization of Paracodylactis sp. from Sagar island. Newsl. Zool. Surv. India., 1(3) : 46-47.
- Misra, A. 1976. On the distribution of Edwardsia jonesii Seshya and Cuttress on the coast of India. Newsl. Zool. Surv. India., 2(4) : 161-162.
- Misra, A. and Soota, T. D. 1981. On the occurence of the Sea-anemone Phytocoeteopsis ramunnii Panikkar in a tidal creek of Sagar Island, India. Bull. Zool. Surv. India. , 4(2) : 151-153.
- Mitra, S. and Pattanayak, J. G. (in press) : Preliminary account of macrozoobenthos of two tidal creek estuary in East Midnapore, West Bengal.
- Parulekar, A. H. 1990. Actiniarian Sea Anemone fauna of India. In: marine biofouling and power palnts. Proceeding of marine biodeterioration with reference to power plant cooling systems, IGCAR, Kalpakkam, 26-28 April, 1989. pp. 218-228.
- Ramakrishna, Sarkar, J and Talukdar, S. 2003. Marine invertebrates of Digha coast and some recommendations of their conservation. Rec. zool. Surv. India, 101(3-4) : 1-33.
- Rao, H. S. 1931. Notes on Scyphomedusae in the Indian Museum. Rec. Indian. Mus., 33 : 25-62, pls. 3,4.
- Rao, G. C. and Misra, A. 1983. Studies on the meiofauna of Sagar island. Proc. Indian.
- Acad. Sci. (Anim. Sc), 92(1) : 73-85.
- Rao, G. C. and Misra, A.1980. On a new species of Halammohydra (Actinulida : Hydrozoa) from Sagar Island, India. Bull. zool. Surv. India, 3(1 & 2) : 113-114.
- Rao, G. C. and Misra, A.1986. The Meiofauna and macrofauna of Digha beach, West Bengal, India. Rec. zool. Surv. India, 83(3 & 4) : 31-49.
- Stoliczka, F. 1869. On the anatomy of Sagarita schilleriana in brackish water at Port Canning. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal., 38(2) : 28-63.
- Polychaetes of the Wetlands of West Bengal
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Authors
Santanu Mitra
1,
A. Misra
1
Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, F.P.S. Building, 27, J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata 700016, IN
1 Zoological Survey of India, F.P.S. Building, 27, J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata 700016, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 7, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 141-146Abstract
A total of 74 species of Polychaetes belonging to 51 genera and 28 families have been reported so far from West Bengal wetlands. Out of these, only two species, viz., Aelosoma bengalensis and Lumbrineris pseudobifilaris are reported from freshwater habitats and the remaining are from brackishwater, estuarine and caostal habitats of the state. A list of all these species along with their habitat, district-wise distribution in the states and local status is presented in the present communication.Keywords
Polychaetes, Macrobenthic, Wetland, Endemic.References
- Fauvel, P. 1932. Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Mem. Indian Mus., 12 : 1-262.
- Fauvel, P. 1953. The fauna of India including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malay, Annelida : Polychaeta. The Indian press Ltd., Allahabad.
- Glasby, C. J., Timm, T., Muir, I. A. and Gill, J. 2009. Catalogue of non-marine Polychaeta (Annelida) of the World. Zootaxa. 2070 : 1-52
- Misra, A. 1995. Polychaetes. Estuarine Ecosystem Series Part-2 : Hugli-Matla Estuary, Zool. Surv. India, pp. 93-155.
- Misra, A. 1999. Polychaetes. State Fauna Series 3 : Fauna of West Bengal, Zool. Surv. India, Part 10 : 125-225.
- Misra, A. and Barua, S. 1987. The intertidal distribution of macrofauna on the muddy shore of Malta river, Canning, West Bengal. J. Indian. Soc. Coastal agric. Res., 5(1) : 339-346.
- Misra, A. and Choudhury, A. 1985. Polychaetous annelids from the mangrove swamps of Sunderbans, India. In : Proc. Nat. Symp. Biol. Util. Cons. Mangroves (Ed. L.J. Bhoslae) : 448-452.
- Mitra, S. and Roy, M. (in press). First record of Lumbinereis pseudobifilaris Fauvel (Annelida : Polychaeta) from West Bengal, India. Rec. zool. Surv. India.
- Southern, R. 1921. Polychaeta of Chilka lake and also fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India . Mem. Indian. Mus., 5 : 563-659.
- Sponges of Wetlands of West Bengal
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, 27, J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata-700 016, IN
1 Zoological Survey of India, 27, J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata-700 016, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 7, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 197-198Abstract
Sponges are mostly marine, comprising of 4562 species (Thomas, 1998). Amongst these, only about 100 species belonging to the family Spongillidae are freshwater sponges and distributed all over the globe (Thomas, op. cit.). These sponges grow as tufts or irregular masses on stones, sticks, logs, shells and other solid objects lying in freshwater. Some of these freshwater sponges occur in brackishwater also as reported by Annandale (1907a) from West Bengal, India.References
- Annandale, N. 1907. Notes on the freshwater fauna of India. IX. Description of new freshwater sponges from Calcutta, with a record of two known speices from the Himalayas and a list of the Indian forms. J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Beng., 3 : 15-16.
- Annandale, N. 1907a. The fauna of brackishwater ponds at Port Canning, Lower Bengal, Part I. Introduction and preliminary account of the fauna. Rec. Indian Mus., 1 : 35-43.
- Annandale, N. 1907b. Notes on freshwater sponges VI-VII. Rec. Indian Mus., 1 : 387-397.
- Annandale, N. 1911. The Fauna British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Freshwater sponges, hydroids and polyzoa. 27-126 & 241-245.
- Annandale, N. 1915. Fauna of Chilka lake, Sponges. Mem. Indian Mus., 5 : 21-54.
- Pattanayak, J. G. 1998. Freshwater sponges. Zool. Surv. India, State fauna series, 3, Fauna of West Bengal, Part I, 1 : 1-7
- Soota, T. D. 1991. Freshwater sponges of India. Rec. zool. Surv. India, Occ. Paper No. 138 : 116, text fig. 5
- Soota, T. D. and Pattanayak, J. G. 1982. On some freshwater sponges from the unnamed collection of the Zoological Survey of India. Rec. zool. Surv. India, 80 : 215-229.
- Thomas, P. A. 1998. Porifera. In : Faunal Diversity in India, pp. 27-36 (Eds. Aflred et al. ). Zool. Surv. India.
- A Note on the Freshwater Bryozoa of West Bengal Wetlands
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, Fire Proof Spirit Building, 27 J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata-16, IN
1 Zoological Survey of India, Fire Proof Spirit Building, 27 J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata-16, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 7, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 199-200Abstract
Bryozoa or Ectoprocta are small benthic, sessile and aquatic invertebrates growing as colonies of connected zooids on submerged substrates. They feed on suspended organic particles which they captured by the whorls of ciliated tentacles (lophophore). Of the estimated 8000 extant species of bryozoans (Ryland, 2005), only a small number are found in freshwater habitats. Till now 94 bryozoan species are found in freshwater consisting of 24 genera and 10 families (Massard and Geimer, 2008). Most of these species belong to the exclusively freshwater inhabiting class Phylactolaemata and reproduce asexually by means of statoblasts (buoyant floatoblasts and fixed sessoblasts), which are very important in identification of species. Freshwater bryozoan colony adheres to the surface of any substratum inside the water bodies, i.e., aquatic weeds, logs, stones, bricks or any other artificial substratum in the ponds, lakes, water reservoirs, streams, and rivers.References
- Allman, G. J. 1856. A monograph of the freshwater Polyzoa. Ray Society, London. Pp. 119
- Annandale, N. 1909. Preliminary note on a new genus of Phylactolaematous Polyzoa, Rec. Indian Mus., 3, p. 279
- Annandale, N. 1911. Freshwater sponges, Hydroids and Polyzoa. The Fauna of British India. 1-261. London (Taylor & Francis)
- Rao, K. S. and Kulsreshtha, K. S. 1962. Studies on freshwater Bryozoa. I. The bryozoa of Vindhyan region. J. Univ. Sougor., 2B : 50-64.
- Rao, K. S. 1972. Studies on the freshwater Bryozoa. III. The Bryozoa of the Narmada system. Proc. Second. Inter. Conf. Bryozoa. IBA. Durham, 1971.
- Rao, K. S. 1976. Studies on fresh water Bryozoa. IV. The Bryozoa of Rajasthan, India. Rec. Zool. Surv. India., 69 : 329-345.
- Ryland, J. 2005. Bryozoa : an introductory overview. Denisia, 16 : 9-20.
- Massard, Jos. A. and Geimer, Gaby. 2008. Global diversity of bryozoans (Bryozoa or Ectoprocta) in freshwater: an update. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 109 : 139-148.
- Samanta, T. 1998. Freshwater Bryozoa, State Fauna Series 3, Fauna of West Bengal, part 10 : 445-461.
- Habitat and Population Density of Lingula anatina (Brachiopoda) - A Living Fossil from Subarnarekha Estuary, Orissa
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Zoological survey of India, F.P.S. Building, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, IN
1 Zoological survey of India, F.P.S. Building, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 7, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 140-140Abstract
Lingula is one of the oldest living genus belonging to the phylum Brachiopoda commonly known as 'Lamp shell'. Lingula anatina Lamarck, 1801 is a rare and primitive animal that occurs as patchy distribution in Indian coasts and estuaries. Soota and Reddy (1976) reported Lingula sp. from Talsari, the western most part of the Subarnarekha estuary. During the faunistic survey in Subarnarekha Estuary (2006-09), a vast Lingula bed was noticed (Mitra et al., 2010) besides the narrow creeks, surrounded by mangroves and salt marshes from Talsari to Kirtania. In this estuary, the habitat of Lingula anatina is generally soft muddy, sometimes with black soil (decomposed) and sand mixed mud. Juveniles inhabit in fine soft mud only.References
- Mitra, S., Misra, A. and Pattanayak, J. G. 2010. Intertidal macrofauna of Subarnarekha estuary (Balasore : Orissa). Rec. zool. Surv. India, Occ. Paper. No., 313 : 1-135.
- Soota, T. D. and Reddy, K. N. 1976. On the distribution and habitat of the brachiopod Lingula in India. Newsl. zool. Surv. India, Calcutta, 2(6) : 235-237.
- On a New Host Record of Alitropus typus (Crustacea : Isopoda : Aegidae) and a New Record from a Freshwater River System of West Bengal
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Crustacea Section, Zoological Survey of India, F. P. S. Building, 27 J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata–700016, IN
1 Crustacea Section, Zoological Survey of India, F. P. S. Building, 27 J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata–700016, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 8, No 2 (2011), Pagination: 269-271Abstract
Alitropus typus was described for the first time by H. Milne Edwards (1840) from Gulf du Bengale (Bay of Bengal). Later on, Stebbing (1911) recorded this species from Shastancotta Lake, a freshwater lake of Kerala. Subsequently, Chilton (1926) and Pillai (1967) reported Rocinella simplex and Alitropus dimorphus from Chilka lake and Travancore (Kerala) respectively. Both the species are now synonymised as Alitropus typus (Bruce, 1983).- Mangrove as a Habitat of Diverse Animal Community-A Study on Bichitrapur Mangrove Forest at Balasore, Odisha
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, F.P.S. Building, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, IN
1 Zoological Survey of India, F.P.S. Building, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 14, No Spl (2017), Pagination: 12-12Abstract
Mangroves are often considered as nursery ground for many marine and estuarine animals. Hence a lot of work has been carried out in mangrove ecosystems worldwide. But mangroves with their characteristic shapes and ischolar_main systems provide shelter and food for many animals of that particular ecosystem. Keeping in this mind, a case study was undertaken in 2016-2017. Bichitrapur mangrove is located in the mouth of Subarnarekha estuary, in Balasore district of Odisha. The preliminary study reveals occurrence of total 57 species of estuarine animals associated with different parts of mangrove plants as borers or non-borers and some of them obviously harmful to mangrove forests. Most of them are opportunistic to live on mangroves for shelter and feeding purpose in a dynamic tidal influx environment. Molluscs are the dominating groups inhabiting the mangroves, 8 species of molluscs are found as borers of mangroves wood, whereas 19 species are opportunistic epi-fauna. Crustaceans are found as second diverse group in this ecosystem, with 13 species of crabs, 6 species of boring isopods and a single species of amphipods. A few species of Cnidaria, Polychaetea, Echinoderm and some fishes are found as epifauna in 7 species of mangroves, which are found here. But these seem to be not specific to any plant species. A detail study in ecological viewpoints of those species is required for the conservation and management of the mangrove ecosystems.- Man-Elephant Conflict in West Midnapore, West Bengal
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, Uttarpara, Hooghly, West Bengal, IN
2 Zoological Survey of India, FPS Building, Kolkata–700 016, IN
1 Dept. of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, Uttarpara, Hooghly, West Bengal, IN
2 Zoological Survey of India, FPS Building, Kolkata–700 016, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 14, No Spl (2017), Pagination: 41-41Abstract
In West Bengal, in the district of West Midnapore, Arabari is a well known forest, which is known as 'Model Community Forest'. It shares boundary with the famous Dalma forest of Jharkhand and as a result herds of Elephants often visit the Arabari forest range. After the initiation of 'Joint Forest Management' the movement in the forest areas revived with increase of forest cover. With the improvement of irrigation, production of multiple crops including cash crops also increased gradually. These increased productions, assured food for the migrating elephants; as a result number of elephants is increasing gradually. With the ever growing human population, the conflict between man and elephant is also increasing gradually. Practically the people used to drive out these elephants but not solving the problem permanently. It leads to a greater damage including loss of life of human, elephants and the growing crops. The present study is taken as an effort to realize the migration pattern of elephant, nature of damage of human property and natural wealth and to make a way out of these burning problems.- A New Species of Himalayapotamon pretzmann, 1966 (Decapoda : Brachyura : Potamidae : Potaminae) from Western Himalaya, India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Crustacea Division, Zoological Survey of India, Fire Proof Spirit Building, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, West Bengal, IN
1 Crustacea Division, Zoological Survey of India, Fire Proof Spirit Building, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, West Bengal, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 16, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 121-131Abstract
A new species of potamid crab of the genus Himalayapotamon Pretzmann, 1966 from Jammu and Kashmir is described in this paper with illustrations. A key to all the 14 species reported so far has been provided. All the related species of the genus has been compared with Himalayapotamon pretzmanni sp. nov.Keywords
Crustacea, Decapoda, Himalayapotamon pretzmanni, New Species, India, Description.References
- Alcock, A. 1909. Diagnosis of new species and varities of freshwater crabs. Nos. 1-3. Rec. Indian Mus., 3(3), 243-252.
- Alcock, A. 1910. Catalogue of the Indian decapod Crustacea in the collection of the Indian Museum. Part I. Brachyura. Fasciculus II. The Indian fresh-water crabs-Potamonidae. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 135 pp.
- Bahir, M. M. and Yeo, D.C.J. 2007. the gecarcinucid freshwater crabs of Southern India (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Raffles Bull. Zool., Suppl., 16: 309-54.
- Bott, R. 1966. Potamidenaus Asien (Potamon Savigny und Potamiscus (Alcock). Senckenbergiana biol., 47(6): 469-509.
- Bott, R. 1970. Die Su Bwasserkrabben von Europa, Asien, Australien und ihre Stammesges-chichte. Eine Revision der Potamoidea und der Parathelphusoidea. (Crustacea, Decapoda). Abh. senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 526: 1-338.
- Brandis, D. 2001. On the taxonomy and biogeography of Potamon atkinsonianum (Wood-Mason, 1871) and Potamon (Potamon) emphysetum (Alcock, 1909). Hydrobiologia, 452: (1-3), 89-100.
- Brandis, D. and Sharma, H. 2005. Taxonomic revision of the freshwater crab fauna of Nepal with description of a new species (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamoidea and Gecarcinucoidea). Senckenbergiana biol., 85(1): 1-30.
- Brandis, D., Storch, V. and Türkay, M. 1999. Morphology and function of the copulatory system in freshwater crabs of the genus Potamon. J. Morph., 29(2): 157-166.
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- Red Piranha Pygocentrus Nattereri (Characiformes: Charadidae):An Invasive Fish Species in Freshwater Ecosystems of Eastern States of India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, IN
1 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 9, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 99-100Abstract
Red Piranha, Pygocentrus nattereri Kner, 1860, is an ornamental fish belonging to the family Characidae, order Characiformes. This fish is native to South America where it occurs widely in lowland areas of Central and Southern America east of the Andes including the Amazon and Parana basins and various central drainages of the Guianas and Brazil (Fink, 1993). The fish has established in China from where it has probably entered into Bangladesh waters. Of late, it has been reported from peninsular India. As opined by Bijukumar (2000), this fish was introduced in India illegally by aquarium traders and in course of time it has found its way into the natural water systems.References
- Bijukumar, A. 2000. Exotic fishes and freshwater fish diversity. Zoo’s Print Journal, 15(11): 363-367.
- Fink, W. L. 1993. Revision of Piranha genus Pygocentrus (Teleostei: Characiformes). Copeia, 1993(3) : 665-687.
- Knight, J. D. M. 2010. Invasive ornamental fish: a potential threat to aquatic biodiversity in peninsular India. JoTT, 2(2): 700-704.
- Pimentel, D. (ed.). 2002. Biological invasions-economic and environmental costs of alien plants, animal and microbe species. CRC Press, London, 384 pp.
- Annina fustis Bowman & Iliffe, 1991 and A. Kumari (Bowman, 1971) (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) - New Records from India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Crustacea Section, Zoological Survey of India, Fire Proof Spirit Building, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, West Bengal, IN
1 Crustacea Section, Zoological Survey of India, Fire Proof Spirit Building, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700016, West Bengal, IN
Source
Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 17, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 103-105Abstract
Two species of isopod crustaceans, viz., Annina fustis Bowman & Iliffe, 1991 and A. kumari (Bowman, 1971) are recorded herein from Burhabalanga river of coastal Odisha, both representing first reports from Indian subcontinent.References
- Bowman, T. E. 1971. Excirolana kumari, a new tubicolous isopod from Malaysia. Crustaceana, 20(1): 70-76.
- Bowman, T. E. and Iliffe, T. M. 1991. Annina fustis, a new isopod from Phang Nga, Thailand (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae). Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., 104(2): 247-252.
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- Jones, D. A. 1983. On the status of the cirolanid isopod genera Annina Budde-Lund, 1908 and Excirolana Richardson, 1912. Crustaceana, 45(3): 309-312.
- Khalaji-Pirbalouty, V. 2013. Redescription of Annina mesopotamica Ahmed, 1971 (Crustacea, Cirolanidae, Isopoda) from Basrah, Iraq Iran. J. Anim. Biosyst., 9(2): 109-115.
- Schotte, M. 1994. Annina mannai, a new isopod from the Ganges River, West Bengal (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae). Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., 107(2): 268-273.